среда, 28 января 2015 г.
вторник, 20 января 2015 г.
вторник, 25 ноября 2014 г.
пятница, 23 мая 2014 г.
Immune children aid malaria vaccine hunt
Link
1. From which country group of children help to scientists to develop a new vaccine?
2. Is it difficult to fight with parasite?
3. How many children from 1000 have developed a naturally acquired immunity to malaria?
4. Did antibodies live up to expectations in fighting with vitus?
5. Which company did develop the best vaccine?
6. How many people were killed by the disease in 2012?
1. From which country group of children help to scientists to develop a new vaccine?
2. Is it difficult to fight with parasite?
3. How many children from 1000 have developed a naturally acquired immunity to malaria?
4. Did antibodies live up to expectations in fighting with vitus?
5. Which company did develop the best vaccine?
6. How many people were killed by the disease in 2012?
среда, 21 мая 2014 г.
Small earthquake rattles area near Richmond in central Virginia
Link
A magnitude 3.2 earthquake that was centered west of Richmond shook the ground Wednesday night as far north and east as the Washington metropolitan area.
The quake, which was centered in the area of Powhatan and Amelia counties, was far smaller than the one that caused damage to buildings in the Washington area about 21 / 2 years ago. Officials had received no reports of significant damage or injury.
But more than 1,300 people in a broad swath of Virginia, as
well as in parts of Maryland, reported feeling some of the effects of
the quake. It shook a basement in Spotsylvania County and reminded
people of a big truck driving past or of a powerful thunderstorm.
According to the U.S. Geological Survey, the quake occurred at 9:47 p.m. and was centered about 30 miles west of Richmond. It was not far from where the 2011 earthquake was centered in Louisa County.
Reports of the quake came into the USGS from as far west as Lynchburg and as far north and east as Edgewater, Md., in Anne Arundel County.
Edgewater resident Donna Cole said that when she walked back to her house from her car, she leaned down to pick up a pair of reading glasses from a step. “I felt like the steps moved or I had lost my balance somehow,” she said. Then she realized, she said, that it was something else and considered asking via social media: “Was that an earthquake?”
It was indeed a quake, centered about 0.7 miles below ground, according to the USGS, and eight miles southwest of Powhatan. The magnitude of 3.2 meant that it had less than one-thousandth of the intensity of the recent historic quake centered in Mineral, Va., which damaged major structures in the Washington area, including the Washington Monument and Washington National Cathedral.
In Spotsylvania County, the Wednesday night quake shook Brent Gibbons’s basement apartment. He said he was on his couch watching the NBA playoff game when he felt a little trembling. “Two baseballs fell off a shelf and the lamp was rattling,” he said.
In Amelia County, the sheriff’s office said that “there were four to five seconds of a deep rumble.”
However, no strong quake was felt there.
At the earthquake information center maintained by the USGS, Rafael Abreu, a geophysicist, said the quake was of the kind that could knock things off shelves but not cause any greater effect.
Victoria St. Martin contributed to this report.
A magnitude 3.2 earthquake that was centered west of Richmond shook the ground Wednesday night as far north and east as the Washington metropolitan area.
The quake, which was centered in the area of Powhatan and Amelia counties, was far smaller than the one that caused damage to buildings in the Washington area about 21 / 2 years ago. Officials had received no reports of significant damage or injury.
According to the U.S. Geological Survey, the quake occurred at 9:47 p.m. and was centered about 30 miles west of Richmond. It was not far from where the 2011 earthquake was centered in Louisa County.
Reports of the quake came into the USGS from as far west as Lynchburg and as far north and east as Edgewater, Md., in Anne Arundel County.
Edgewater resident Donna Cole said that when she walked back to her house from her car, she leaned down to pick up a pair of reading glasses from a step. “I felt like the steps moved or I had lost my balance somehow,” she said. Then she realized, she said, that it was something else and considered asking via social media: “Was that an earthquake?”
It was indeed a quake, centered about 0.7 miles below ground, according to the USGS, and eight miles southwest of Powhatan. The magnitude of 3.2 meant that it had less than one-thousandth of the intensity of the recent historic quake centered in Mineral, Va., which damaged major structures in the Washington area, including the Washington Monument and Washington National Cathedral.
In Spotsylvania County, the Wednesday night quake shook Brent Gibbons’s basement apartment. He said he was on his couch watching the NBA playoff game when he felt a little trembling. “Two baseballs fell off a shelf and the lamp was rattling,” he said.
In Amelia County, the sheriff’s office said that “there were four to five seconds of a deep rumble.”
However, no strong quake was felt there.
At the earthquake information center maintained by the USGS, Rafael Abreu, a geophysicist, said the quake was of the kind that could knock things off shelves but not cause any greater effect.
Victoria St. Martin contributed to this report.
четверг, 28 ноября 2013 г.
Are traditions important?
What doest the word "traditon" mean? In my opinion tradition means transmission of habits and customs from generation to generation.
There are some different types of traditions, fro example family traditions which are strictly observed in family circle and national traditions what have existed since immemorial time.
Nowadays we live in modern society, where the biggest part of it even don`t know any traditions which our ancestors had some time ago.
It is a very sad situation because in my opinion raditions ara foundation of our culture, which takes not he last place in our lives.
There are some different types of traditions, fro example family traditions which are strictly observed in family circle and national traditions what have existed since immemorial time.
Nowadays we live in modern society, where the biggest part of it even don`t know any traditions which our ancestors had some time ago.
It is a very sad situation because in my opinion raditions ara foundation of our culture, which takes not he last place in our lives.
среда, 13 ноября 2013 г.
Biotechnologies
A Bio-Patch Regrows Bone Inside the Body
Nov 8, 2013 09:23 AM ET //Researchers from the University of Iowa have developed a remarkable new procedure for regenerating missing or damaged bone. It's called a "bio patch" -- and it works by sending bone-producing instructions directly into cells using microscopic particles embedded with DNA.
In experiments, the gene-encoding patch has already regrown bone fully enough to cover skull wounds in test animals. It has also stimulated new growth in human bone marrow stromal cells. Eventually, the patch could be used to repair birth defects involving missing bone around the head or face. It could also help dentists rebuild bone in areas which provides a concrete-like foundation for implants.
To create the bio patch, a research team led by Satheesh Elangovan delivered bone-producing instructions to existing bone cells inside a living body, which allowed those cell to produce the required proteins for more bone production. This was accomplished by using a piece of DNA that encodes for a platelet-derived growth factor called PDGF-B. Previous research relied on repeated applications from the outside, but they proved costly, intensive, and more difficult to replicate with any kind of consistency.
"We delivered the DNA to the cells, so that the cells produce the protein and that's how the protein is generated to enhance bone regeneration," explained Aliasger Salem in a statement. "If you deliver just the protein, you have keep delivering it with continuous injections to maintain the dose. With our method, you get local, sustained expression over a prolonged period of time without having to give continued doses of protein." Salem is a professor in the College of Pharmacy and a co-corresponding author on the paper.
While performing the procedure, the researchers made a collagen scaffold in the actual shape and size of the bone defect. The patch, which was loaded with synthetically created plasmids and outfitted with the genetic instructions for building bone did the rest, achieving complete regeneration that matched the shape of what should have been there. This was followed by inserting the scaffold onto the missing area. Four weeks is usually all that it took -- growing 44-times more bone and soft tissue in the affected areas compared to just the scaffold alone.
"The delivery mechanism is the scaffold loaded with the plasmid," Salem says. "When cells migrate into the scaffold, they meet with the plasmid, they take up the plasmid, and they get the encoding to start producing PDGF-B, which enhances bone regeneration."
The researchers also note that the delivery system is nonviral, meaning that the plasmid is not likely to cause an undesired immune response, and that it's easier to mass produce, which lowers the cost.
Link
Task 1.
Choose the correct answer.
1.Which university has developed a remarkable new procedure ?
a) the University of Iowa b) the University of Nibraksa c) the University of New York
2. What does this procedure do?
a) regenerates muscles b) regenerates missing or damaged bone c) improves circulation of the blood
3.What is the name of this producer ?
a) Bonemaker b) Second chance c) Bio Patch
4. Who is the leader of reseacrh team which did discover Bio Patch?
a) George Dvorsky b) Satheesh Elangovan c) Michael Jones
5. Can the plasmid cause an undesired immune response?
a) Yes b) No c) No information in the text
6. What is the name of platelet-derived growth factor?
a) PDGF-B b)FGDP-B c) PBPD-C
7.How long will be the regrowthing of new bone?
a) 44 weeks b) 4 weeks c) 4 months
8. With whom do the cells meet in the scaffold?
a) with plasmids b)with bacteriums c) with viruses
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